Congestion Control Approach by Dynamically Adjusting the Load of Beacon Messages in VANET

The prime goal of Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is to provide life safety on the road. To achieve this, vehicles make use of two types of safety messages one is Periodic safety messages (beacons) to exchange status information e.g. position, speed etc. and second one is Event-driven messages to broadcast in case of an emergency situations e.g. accidents, hardbraking etc. The main objective of congestion control in VANET is to best exploit the available network resources while preventing sustained overloads of network nodes and links. Appropriate congestion control mechanisms are essential to provide efficient operation of a network. Ensuring congestion control within vehicular ad hoc networks faces special challenges, due to the specificities of such environment (high mobility of nodes, high rate of topology changes, high variability in nodes density and neighborhood configuration, broadcast communication nature, etc.). In this context, we present a congestion control approach, to ensure efficient bandwidth usage of control and service channel within VANET. It supports dynamically adjusting the load of beacon messages. Index Terms – VANET, MBL, D-FPAV, V2V, V2I, SCH.